Qing Dynasty, Chinas Last Imperial Family

Qing Dynasty, China's Last Imperial Family Chinas last imperial family, the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), was ethnically Manchu rather than Han Chinese, the vast majority of the nations population.  The dynasty emerged in Manchuria, northern China, in 1616 under the leadership of Nurhaci of the Aisin Gioro clan.  He renamed his people the Manchu; they were previously known as the Jurchen.  The Manchu dynasty took control of Beijing in 1644 with the fall of the Ming Dynasty.  Their conquest of the rest of China ended only in 1683, under the famed Kangxi Emperor. Fall of the Ming Dynasty Ironically, a Ming general who had formed an alliance with the Manchu army invited them into Beijing in 1644.  He wanted their assistance in ousting an army of rebellious peasants led by Li Zicheng, who had captured the Ming capital and were trying to set up a new dynasty in accordance with the tradition of the Mandate of Heaven, the divine source of authority for China’s early kings and emperors.  After they reached Beijing and evicted the Han Chinese peasant army, the Manchu leaders decided to stay and create their own dynasty rather than restore the Ming. The Qing Dynasty assimilated some Han ideas, such as using the civil service exam system to promote capable bureaucrats.  They also imposed some Manchu traditions on the Chinese, such as requiring men to wear their hair in the long braid, or queue.  However, the Manchu ruling class held themselves apart from their subjects in many ways.  They never intermarried with Han women, and Manchu noblewomen did not bind their feet.  Even more than the Mongol rulers of the Yuan Dynasty, the Manchus largely stayed separate from the greater Chinese civilization. Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries This separation proved a problem in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, as the western powers and Japan began to impose themselves increasingly on the Middle Kingdom.  The Qing were unable to stop the British from importing massive amounts of opium into China, a move intended to create Chinese addicts and shift the balance of trade in the UKs favor.  China lost both Opium Wars of the mid-19th century- the first with Britain and the second with Britain and France- and had to make embarrassing concessions to the British. As the century wore on and Qing China weakened, other countries, including France, Germany, the U.S., Russia, and even former tributary state Japan, made increasing demands for trade and diplomatic access.  This sparked a wave of anti-foreigner sentiment in China encompassing not only the invading western traders and missionaries  but also the Qing emperors themselves.  In 1899-1900, it exploded into the Boxer Rebellion, which initially targeted the Manchu rulers as well as other foreigners.  Empress Dowager Cixi eventually was able to convince Boxer leaders to ally with the regime against the foreigners, but once more, China suffered a humiliating defeat. The defeat of the Boxer Rebellion was the death knell for the Qing Dynasty.  It limped on until 1911, when the Last Emperor, the child ruler Puyi, was deposed.  China descended into the Chinese Civil War, which was interrupted by the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II and continued until the Communists victory in 1949. Qing Emperors This list of Qing emperors shows their birth names, imperial names where applicable, and years of rule: Nurhaci, 1616-1636Huang Taiji, 1626-1643Dorgon, 1643-1650Fulin, Shunzhi Emperor, 1650-1661Xuanye, Kangxi Emperor, 1661-1722Yinzhen, Yongzheng Emperor, 1722-1735Hongli, Qianlong Emperor, 1735-1796Yongyan, Jiaqing Emperor, 1796-1820Minning, Daoguang Emperor, 1820-1850Yizhu, Xianfeng Emperor, 1850-1861Zaichun, Tongzhi Emperor, 1861-1875Zaitian, Guangxu Emperor, 1875-1908Puyi, Xuantong Emperor, 1908-1911

Should You Do What You Love for a Living What are the Pros and Cons

Should You Do What You Love for a Living What are the Pros and Cons Do what you love. That sounds so lovely and so easy, right? Pick your obvious passion, and find a way to get paid for it. Easy peasy†¦except when it’s not. Doing what you love isn’t always the easy option- it could require sacrifices, complicated decisions, or even the realization that you don’t know what you love to do after all. So what do you do? Should you find a reliable career path that doesn’t stress you out, but also doesn’t really excite you? Or should you pursue that passion project, and risk it all on that path? There’s no one-size-fits-all answer here. Both have benefits and drawbacks. Let’s look at some of both.THE PROSLet’s say you’re feeling ready to turn that photography hobby into a small business, or take the job working for that tiny nonprofit instead of the wealthy conglomerate. What are the benefits?â€Å"Legacy is greater than currency.†If you choose a job that pays the bills but doesnâ⠂¬â„¢t feel like your calling, you don’t get any promises that it will pan out as the best financial option. But entrepreneur Gary Vaynerchuk is pretty militantly on the go for it side, arguing that you can monetize what you love, as long as you hustle.Money doesn’t have to be your personal currency.And I’m not talking about bitcoin or Chuck E. Cheese tokens here. Your relationship to your work may be your own personal currency, worth as much as the financial benefits you might find elsewhere. Don’t get me wrong, you still need money of the cold hard variety if you enjoy food, shelter, and wifi, but your personal currency might not always align with money considerations.You’re more invested in your job.If you’re doing something that engages you personally and professionally, you may be more likely to be attentive and creative.Stability might not outweigh misery.If you’re truly unhappy or under-stimulated at your stable-but-meh job, th e resulting stress and malaise could actually be harmful to your emotional and physical health. Some research suggests that happy employees are 12% more productive, so why not find work that makes you actually happy?You spend more time at work than anywhere else, so why not make it countWhen you think about spending 40+ hours a week doing something (anything), how does that make you feel? If the idea of spending that time processing Excel reports makes your face involuntarily scrunch up, that’s a sign that maybe you should look for something more in line with your interests.THE CONSNow let’s take a peek at the devil’s advocate side. What are the potential drawbacks of making your passion your career?It may close off other paths.If you lock yourself into a path you may have chosen as a youngster, you may not find it as easy to branch out and develop other skills, growth areas, etc. In his book So Good They Can’t Ignore You, Author Cal Newport argues that y ou’re better off bolstering skills instead of interests, and giving yourself career capital that you can use in various avenues throughout your career.There’s no guarantee your passion will be a fulfilling professional choice.Have you ever really wanted something, then gotten it, and realized that hmm, this isn’t as great as you thought it would be, in your head? There’s a real chance that following the â€Å"follow your passion† advice (you follow me?) isn’t a great long-term choice for you, once you get into the stage of needing it to pay the bills.â€Å"If you follow your passion, you’re probably going to fail.†Another Ted Talk-er, this time Benjamin Todd, a career coach, walks through the scenario of pursuing that passion, and finding that the work itself isn’t all that fulfilling. Todd argues that there’s no real evidence linking interest-matched jobs and job satisfaction.What if your passion changes?Most car eer choices don’t have to be made once and kept forever, but changing paths can be a major challenge. If you do choose your passion as a career, think hard about what happens if you wake up one morning and decide that you’re not so keen on that hobby that’s now your livelihood.What you love may not be where your talents lie.For example, I love TV. I love watching it, talking about it, reading about it. But as much as I enjoy it as an art form, the industry isn’t really aligned with my educational background or skill sets. Those are both things that can be picked up and developed, but personal investment isn’t always enough to make the professional leap. If you’re a rockstar at accounting, and can put together a profitable and reasonably satisfying career doing that, is that the worst thing in the world?How Do I Pursue My Passion as a Career?Okay, so if you’ve gotten through the pros and the cons, and still want to move forward with th is â€Å"do what you love† thing, there’s a major logistical problem: how? How do you get started? What do you consider? What do you do to move this ball forward, so that it’s no longer an â€Å"I should do this† pipe dream?Think hard about the choice you’re making.Career choices shouldn’t be made lightly, or impulsively- the consequences of your decision can mean the difference between loving your job and being unemployed and unhappy.Set a timeline.So many awesome ideas die on the vine because they get lost in the realities of daily life, and don’t have a schedule attached to them. I’ll do it later, tomorrow, next week. Once you’ve made the decision to pursue your passion project as a career, come up with your game plan. That includes timing. If you want to be in a new job by next year, start working on your resume and building skills now. Set interim goals that you can hit in the meantime, so you feel like you’r e making progress toward the ultimate goal of working in your passion field.Be realistic.If you’re 36, it’s probably too late to be a ballet dancer or an astronaut if you’re not already on that path. Turning to your inner child to help identify what you’re passionate about can be great, but this choice really needs to line up with the adult you’ve become, and your realities. Similarly, here’s where you decide if your love of Ukranian chamber music affords any actual job opportunities in your area. Dig in and do some research about what the job opportunities are for your interest.Take classes and build your skills.It may be that pursuing your passion means starting your own business. If that’s the case, learn everything you possibly can about how to start and run a business, and the various hardships you might face. Take classes online or in person to start building a structure to go with your new career goals.Be brave.At some point, y ou’re going to have to take a leap here. You should absolutely take the time to figure out if this is the right path for you, but you also need to be prepared to end that phase and just go for it.When you make the decision to go for it, understand that you’re taking a risk. But isn’t everything a risk when you get right down to it?What If I Don’t Know My Passion?A lot of pressure is put on the phrase â€Å"doing what you love,† that sweet spot where your interests, skills, and opportunities line up so magically. What if you like some things, are good at some things, but don’t know if that constitutes the kind of passion that demands a career change?Life coach Terri Trespicio advises you to stop looking so hard for that â€Å"passion.† Try different things, and don’t be afraid to fail while you look for the most fulfilling career path. â€Å"[Passion] is the full force of your attention and energy that you give to whatever is r ight in front of you. And if you’re so busy looking for this passion, you could miss opportunities that change your life. You could also miss out on great love because that’s what happens when you have tunnel vision trying to find the one.† Start by finding what you like to do, what you’re good at doing, and go from there. If you’re open to letting your passion find you instead of the other way around, you could find yourself on that â€Å"doing what you love† path without even meaning to be there.There’s no single way to pursue your â€Å"passion,† but as long as you put time and energy into figuring out a) what that is; or b) how that fits into your life and your career, chances are you’ll be just fine.

Slavery Throught The World Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Slavery Throught The World - Research Paper Example The history of human civilization is the most explicit document of the fact that corruptible capacity of power can be enhanced to such an elaborate extent that it finally gives birth to a situation of brutal aggression of one man or a community over another less powerful individual or community. Aristotle in Politics suggested quite prophetically that â€Å"†¦ [the] greatest crimes are caused by excess and not by necessity. Men do not become tyrants in order that they may not suffer cold; and hence, great is the honor bestowed, not on him who kills a thief, but on him who kills a tyrant† (Aristotle, 1932, p. 33). Thesis Statement: Judging the factors that are responsible behind genesis of slavery and helping in to take different shapes according to the changing course of time, it can be said that man’s insatiable hunger to gain power, in terms of money and recognition, his natural desire to survive as the fittest being and finally his indomitable desire to enjoy all the rights that society has enshrined to him even at the cost of depriving others, are main reasons that introduced the evil of slavery on the ideological backdrop of an equal and humanitarian existence. Most of the modern philosophers are of opinion that human interaction and development of human relations, both are dependent on respective person’s perception of power and how they are interpreting scope of such power. Max Weber defines power as an â€Å"†¦ [opportunity] existing within a social relationship which permits one to carry out one’s will even against resistance and regardless of the basis on which this opportunity rests† (Weber; Cited in Patterson, 1982, p. 1). One of the greatest philosophers of recent times and famous post-structuralist, Michel Foucault, though has defined power in a much simple way, suggesting that â€Å"power is a relation between forces, or rather every relation between forces is a ‘power relation’† (Deleuze,and

Globalising with a local flair Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Globalising with a local flair - Essay Example â€Å"The globalisation of markets has certainly accelerated through almost universal acceptance of the democratic free enterprise model and new communication technologies, including satellites and the Internet† (Cateora 2005). However, many of these companies that are inexperienced in marketing overseas incorrectly assume that their products or services will be easily accepted in foreign markets. Even when remaining concentrated within a single country or when marketing their goods to countries individually, companies facing international competitors will fare better if they have a global perspective in mind. As mentioned by Cateora, all these companies are or will be affected by competitive activity in the global marketplace (2005). To illustrate this concept, Cateora relates the story of US-based General Electric Lighting, who dominated the US lighting market until its rival, Westinghouse, sold its operations to Philips Electronics of Holland. Philips was then able to come in to the US market to compete from a stronger marketing position. Based on the experiences of companies such as General Electric Lighting and others, all companies that operate in international marketing arenas should adopt a modified globalisation strategy that includes a wide range of standardized products, but remains open to small market-specific variations designed to satisfy consumer needs, wants and tastes in smaller regions.

Sociol Economics Status Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sociol Economics Status - Essay Example This brings back the issue of socialization where irrespective of the class learners should be taught how to interact with each other by not considering their social classes. In reality, this may not be the case as the educational institution has taken another route when it comes to handling such issues of social class. This is attributed to the fact that children of the high class find themselves in very expensive schools with high rates of school fees and other requirements (Marsh, 2010). As for the middle and those of the lower class, they have a chance to socialize with each other as they can only afford education in the average schools which may not even have quality facilities for learning. The facilities and opportunities offered to those in the upper social class are not the same when compared to those in the lower and middle social classes. This in itself is challenging even when the students are outside the academic setting. The perception that the students have about each other is one that depicts a negative impression towards each other and it is the responsibility of the teacher to ensure that such a perception is handled while in school so that all social classes are able to merge well. The language used may not be a pleasing one for the different classes as it tends to depict a trait of discrimination for each other (Killen, 2009). Social stratification in society is becoming evident with the technological advances and it is upon those with the economic will to adopt the changes in order for them to change their social classes. This may not be possible for those in the lower and middle class as they may not be financially stable to adopt such changes. This leaves those in the upper class as the ones who are advanced through embracing changes and this determines the mode of interaction even while at school. This becomes a challenge especially for children in the upper class who are disengaged than their less fortunate peers. In a class setting the y are likely to portray weird characters such as fidgeting with objects when they are being addressed. As for those in the middle and lower classes they are confident and always maintain an eye contact when being addressed with several head nods an indication that they are concentrating (Churchill et al, 2011). This can be attributed to the fact that children in the upper social class are more reserved and are rarely exposed to environments that will allow them to gain rapport and become social in the social settings. This may affect their performance in class. In an educational institution attention has to be paid on both the class differences and the courses that are to be offered so that the content of the syllabus meets the demands of both social classes. This can be done by developing a better student support system where specific strategies are used in handling students of different social classes without concentrating on one social class than the other (Woolfolk & Margetts, 2 010). The teachers have to be specific about the classroom norms and rules of operation while in class as this can be a remedy to several challenges that are as a result of class differences. It is advisable that during teaching, the instructor should

Journal entry #2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journal entry #2 - Essay Example As revealed, through initially establishing a vision, termed as a writing workshop, teachers are able to experience the vast challenges in motivating students to write and therefore linking the vision to practical and contemporary applications. The challenges that were noted ranged from working within a limited time frame, limited space and resources; as well as the difficulties of working with other academic affiliates within the school setting. The findings indicated that the challenges faced by ESOL teachers and students parallel those experienced by native English speaking teachers; the need to adapt learning from various instructional media could not be replicated completely but should be tailored to the teaching style and situation; and finally, â€Å"teachers also need support and opportunities to work intensively over time with other teachers who are doing the same thing† (Peyton, Jones and Vincent 484). The article is deemed beneficial for teachers in terms of being apprised of the challenges faced when teaching writing for ESOL students; particularly through the provision of support and guidelines that would assist in encouraging students to develop and improve their writing skills. The lessons learned by the participants enhanced one’s awareness that these challenges were likewise experienced by native English speaking teachers and should therefore not preclude one from trying to motivate students to seek alternative means to improve their skills in writing through the suggested techniques, depending on the needs and resources

Poem Assignment Analysis or Character Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Poem Analysis or Character - Assignment Example He yearns for the freedom of his earlier life. His lust for wandering is not yet over and he wants to roam the world with his old mariners. Although he is now back in his own kingdom with his wife and son he is still feeling restless and depressed. The poem brings out the agony of his heart as well as his indomitable spirit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The contentment of domestic life is not for a man like Ulysses who is a traveler at heart and by soul. He misses his eventful past life and regrets that he has to now â€Å"mete and dole/Unequal laws unto a savage race,† (Tennyson, 1090, line3). Ulysses’ age is not a barrier to him. His soul still yearns for fresh adventures -â€Å"Come, my friends,/  Tis not too late to seek a newer world.† (Tennyson, 1091, line56) Some of the lines in this poem are enjambed. This means that the sentences often end in the middle rather than the end of the lines. Also the thought expressed in the line does not end with the li ne break-up -  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I cannot rest from travel: I will drink  / Life to the lees: all times I have enjoyed† (Tennyson, 1090, line6) Here the poet expresses different thoughts in different sections of the poem. Initially we see legendary warrior who has returned home and finds the daily routine of life boring and mundane. His yearning for fresh adventures comes through in nearly every line. His aged wife gets mentioned only in two lines of the poem. Likewise he does not seem to have any attachment towards the subjects he governs. His attention is focused only on traveling with his old companions in search of fresh adventures.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ulysses thinks his son Telemachus shall be a prudent king. Telemachus will inherit the throne from his father and govern Ithaca. As for himself Ulysses only wants to venture out in search of a new world- â€Å"Come, my friends/Tis not too late to seek a newer world.† (Tennyson, 1091, line57) Ulysses is we ll aware of the risks involved but this does not deter him. Neither old age nor the fear of death frightens this old warrior. Instead he exhorts his mariners to come with him on one last voyage. This poem also makes a statement about defying death and old age. Although death is inevitable we should not allow the fear of death to stop us from reaching our goal. A man should have the courage to live for the moment. Thus we might say this poem is an allegory about mortality. This idea is expressed vividly in the following lines:-   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å" We are not now that strength which in the old days     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Moved earth and heaven; that which we are, we are,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One equal-temper of heroic he arts,     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Made weak by time and fate, but strong in will     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.† (Tennyson, 1091, line66) Thus the feelings of the poet are similar to the sentiments expressed by Ulysses when he tells his men â€Å"To strive, to seek, to find, and not to yield.† (Tennyson, 1091, line70) It is the indomitable courage of Ulysses that appeals to the poet and which finds expression in this poem. It is this fearlessness, which is an integral part of Ulysses’s character. The Ulysses we find in this poem cannot be called a perfect hero. There are several flaws in his character. Perhaps these imperfections make him more